A CRISPR can modify genes
B Mosquitoes transmit malaria
C Gene modification stops transmission
D All of the above
Explanation: For the argument to hold, all these assumptions must be true.
A A is true
B F is true
C Contradiction
D All are false
Explanation: The cycle means if any one is true, all are true. Having exactly 3 true is impossible.
A Grandchild-in-law
B In-law
C Grandchild
D No relation
Explanation: A is married to B, B\'s parent is C, D is C\'s spouse, E is D\'s parent. A is E\'s grandchild-in-law.
A Data drives decisions
B Decisions affect outcomes
C Companies must invest in analytics
D Outcomes matter
Explanation: The recommendation to invest in data analytics is the conclusion.
A All are true
B All are false
C Alternating values
D Cannot determine
Explanation: If P is true and they form a cycle, all must be true by modus ponens.
Explanation: The intern (E) is lowest in the hierarchy.
A AI optimizes distribution
B Hunger has political causes
C Optimization helps
D Food production matters
Explanation: If hunger has political causes, AI optimization alone may not solve it.
A A is true
B E is true
C Contradiction
D All are false
Explanation: Equivalence means all must have the same truth value. Having exactly 1 true is impossible.
A P and Q
B P and R
C Q and R
D Any two
Explanation: If any two are true, the third is true by the implications. So exactly two cannot be true.
A Renewable energy reduces dependence
B Dependence threatens security
C Nations should invest in renewables
D Security matters
Explanation: The recommendation to invest in renewables is the conclusion.