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Answer: Starch is a polysaccharide made of many glucose units and serves as energy storage in plants.
Answer: Vitamin K is necessary for the synthesis of clotting factors in the liver.
Answer: Mitosis produces two genetically identical daughter cells from a single parent cell.
Answer: Ribosomes are the sites of protein synthesis, translating mRNA into polypeptide chains.
Answer: Insulin promotes the uptake and storage of glucose, thereby lowering blood sugar levels.
Answer: Genotype refers to the complete set of genes an organism carries.
Answer: In DNA, Adenine always pairs with Thymine through two hydrogen bonds.
Answer: A test cross involves crossing an individual with dominant phenotype but unknown genotype with a homozygous recessive individual.
Answer: The cell is the basic structural and functional unit of all living organisms.
Answer: Blood group O has no A or B antigens, making it safe to transfuse to any blood group.
Answer: Mitochondria generate most of the cell\'s supply of ATP through oxidative phosphorylation.
Answer: Plant cells have a rigid cell wall made of cellulose that provides structural support.
Answer: During the S (synthesis) phase, DNA is replicated so each daughter cell receives a complete copy.
Answer: The liver performs over 500 functions including bile production, detoxification, and metabolism.
Answer: Helicase breaks the hydrogen bonds between base pairs, unwinding the DNA double helix.
Answer: Prokaryotic cells lack a membrane-bound nucleus; their genetic material floats freely in the cytoplasm.
Answer: Alveoli are tiny air sacs with thin walls where oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged.
Answer: Each nephron filters blood and forms urine through filtration, reabsorption, and secretion.
Answer: Alleles for each trait separate so that each gamete carries only one allele for each gene.
Answer: The central dogma states that DNA is transcribed to RNA, which is then translated to protein.