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Chemistry
A. Litmus test
B. Baeyer\'s test
C. Fehling\'s test
D. Tollen\'s test
Answer: Tollen\'s reagent oxidizes aldehydes but not ketones, producing a silver mirror with aldehydes.
Chemistry
A. Dilute H2SO4
B. Dilute HCl
C. Dilute HNO3
D. Concentrated H2SO4
Answer: Concentrated H2SO4 has a strong affinity for water and is widely used as a dehydrating agent.
Chemistry
A. Linear
B. Trigonal planar
C. Tetrahedral
D. Trigonal pyramidal
Answer: NH3 has three bonding pairs and one lone pair on nitrogen, giving a trigonal pyramidal shape.
Chemistry
A. Decrease in temperature
B. Increase in concentration
C. Increase in particle size
D. Stronger van der Waals forces
Answer: Boiling point increases with molecular weight in alkanes due to stronger van der Waals forces.
Chemistry
A. +3
B. +4
C. +5
D. +6
Answer: In K2Cr2O7, 2(+1) + 2x + 7(-2) = 0, solving gives x = +6 for chromium.
Chemistry
A. Ethanoic acid
B. Ethene
C. Ethyl acetate
D. Ethanal
Answer: Acidified K2Cr2O7 is a mild oxidizing agent that oxidizes ethanol to ethanal under distillation.
Chemistry
A. Photosynthesis
B. Melting of ice
C. Evaporation of water
D. Combustion of methane
Answer: Combustion of methane releases heat energy, making it an exothermic process.
Chemistry
A. 0
B. 14
C. 1
D. 7
Answer: A neutral solution has equal concentrations of H+ and OH- ions, giving a pH of 7.
Chemistry
A. Roasting
B. Smelting
C. Cyanide process
D. Electrolysis
Answer: Gold is extracted by dissolving in dilute NaCN solution (cyanide process) followed by reduction.
Chemistry
A. sp
B. sp2
C. sp3
D. sp3d
Answer: Nitrogen in NH4+ forms four equivalent sigma bonds with hydrogen using sp3 hybridization.
Chemistry
A. They are highly reactive
B. They form covalent compounds
C. They have high ionization energies
D. They have weak van der Waals forces
Answer: Noble gases have low boiling points due to weak van der Waals forces between their atoms.
Chemistry
A. [Ar] 3d9 4s2
B. [Ar] 3d8 4s2
C. [Ar] 3d10 4s2
D. [Ar] 3d10 4s1
Answer: Copper has an anomalous configuration [Ar] 3d10 4s1 due to the stability of a fully filled 3d subshell.
Chemistry
A. Propan-1-ol
B. 2-Methylpropan-1-ol
C. Butan-2-ol
D. Propan-2-ol
Answer: The hydroxyl group is on carbon 2 of a three-carbon chain, giving propan-2-ol.
Chemistry
A. O2
B. NO
C. O2-
D. N2
Answer: N2 has all paired electrons in its molecular orbitals, making it diamagnetic.
Chemistry
A. 0
B. 1
C. 2
D. 3
Answer: Xe in XeF4 has 8 valence electrons, uses 4 for bonding and has 2 lone pairs remaining.
Chemistry
A. CH4
B. C2H6
C. C3H8
D. C4H10
Answer: Boiling point increases with molecular weight in alkanes due to stronger van der Waals forces.
Chemistry
A. Addition
B. Elimination
C. Condensation
D. Substitution
Answer: Chlorine replaces hydrogen atoms in methane via a free radical substitution mechanism.
Chemistry
A. 180 degrees
B. 120 degrees
C. 109.5 degrees
D. 104.5 degrees
Answer: Water has a bent shape with two lone pairs on oxygen that compress the angle to about 104.5 degrees.
Chemistry
A. Nitrosobenzene
B. Aniline
C. Phenol
D. Benzoic acid
Answer: Sn/HCl reduces the nitro group of nitrobenzene to an amino group, producing aniline.
Chemistry
A. London dispersion
B. Hydrogen bonding
C. Ionic bonding
D. Dipole-dipole interactions
Answer: HCl is polar without H bonded to N, O, or F, so dipole-dipole forces are dominant.
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