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Answer: CH3NH2 (methylamine) reacts with CH3COOH (ethanoic acid) in a condensation reaction to form N-methylacetamide (CH3CONHCH3) and water.
Answer: In a tetrahedral complex, the metal is surrounded by 4 ligands at the corners of a tetrahedron, giving a coordination number of 4.
Answer: A catalyst speeds up both forward and reverse reactions equally by lowering activation energy. It helps reach equilibrium faster but does not change the position of equilibrium (K).
Answer: Mild oxidation of ethanol with acidified K2Cr2O7 produces ethanal (acetaldehyde). With excess oxidant and heating, it further oxidizes to ethanoic acid.
Answer: In H2, each hydrogen has a 1s orbital. The sigma bond is formed by the head-on overlap of these two 1s orbitals (s-s overlap).
Answer: Mass spectrometry ionizes molecules and measures the mass-to-charge ratio (m/z), providing precise molecular mass and structural fragmentation patterns.
Answer: At equilibrium, forward rate equals reverse rate: kf[reactants] = kr[products], so K = [products]/[reactants] = kf/kr.
1288
What is the formula for the equilibrium constant Kc for the reaction: 2SO2(g) + O2(g) <=> 2SO3(g)?
Answer: Kc = [products]^coefficients / [reactants]^coefficients = [SO3]^2 / ([SO2]^2 x [O2]^1).
Answer: The longest chain containing COOH has 4 carbons (butanoic acid). Numbering from COOH, the methyl is on C3, giving 3-methylbutanoic acid.
Answer: HCN adds across the C=O bond of propanal: the CN- attacks the carbonyl carbon and H+ protonates the oxygen, forming a cyanohydrin.
Answer: The Wurtz reaction uses sodium metal to couple two alkyl halide molecules via a free radical mechanism: 2R-X + 2Na -> R-R + 2NaX.
Answer: PLA is a biodegradable polyester derived from lactic acid (from corn starch). Microorganisms can break down its ester linkages in the environment.
Answer: The Diels-Alder reaction is a [4+2] cycloaddition between a conjugated diene (4 pi electrons) and a dienophile (2 pi electrons), forming a cyclohexene ring.
1294
What is the geometry of a d8 metal complex with a strong field ligand in square planar arrangement?
Answer: d8 metals (like Ni2+, Pd2+, Pt2+) with strong field ligands form square planar complexes because the large crystal field splitting makes this geometry more stable than tetrahedral.
Answer: SOCl2 converts alcohols to alkyl chlorides with inversion of configuration (if chiral). The byproducts SO2 and HCl are gases, driving the reaction forward.
Answer: The Born-Haber cycle applies Hess\'s law to calculate lattice energy by combining steps: sublimation, ionization, dissociation, electron affinity, and formation.
Answer: Beer-Lambert Law states absorbance (A) = molar absorptivity (epsilon) x path length (l) x concentration (c), forming the basis of quantitative UV-Vis analysis.
Answer: CH3COCH3 (propan-2-one) is commonly known as acetone, the simplest ketone and an important industrial solvent.
Answer: Chlorobenzene reacts with NaOH at high T/pressure (Dow process) via nucleophilic aromatic substitution, where OH- replaces Cl on the aromatic ring.
Answer: Chromium is an exception: one 4s electron promotes to 3d to achieve the extra stability of half-filled d-orbitals, giving [Ar] 3d5 4s1.