MCQs - CoreMCQs

521

Some countries have universal healthcare. All countries with universal healthcare have healthier populations. Therefore:

Analytical Reasoning

A. All countries have healthier populations

B. Some countries have healthier populations

C. No countries have healthier populations

D. Universal healthcare causes poor health

Answer: Since some countries have universal healthcare and all such countries have healthier populations, some countries have healthier populations.

522

Which is a stronger argument?

Analytical Reasoning

A. Ban cars because one person was in an accident

B. Regulate cars because accidents cause injuries

C. Ignore cars because most drivers are safe

D. Ban all transportation

Answer: A balanced argument acknowledging both risk and necessity is stronger than extremes.

523

If P→Q, Q→R, and ¬R, then:

Analytical Reasoning

A. P is true

B. Q is true

C. P is false

D. Q is unknown

Answer: By modus tollens backwards, ¬R implies ¬Q, and ¬Q implies ¬P.

524

All flowers need water. All plants need sunlight. Some flowers are roses. Therefore:

Analytical Reasoning

A. All roses need water

B. All roses need sunlight

C. Some roses need water and sunlight

D. All of the above

Answer: Since some flowers are roses and all flowers need water and all plants need sunlight, all roses need both.

525

Which weakens? \'Minimum wage increases cause unemployment because businesses hire fewer workers.\'

Analytical Reasoning

A. Businesses hire based on need

B. Some businesses absorb cost increases

C. Unemployment is bad

D. Workers need fair pay

Answer: If businesses absorb cost increases rather than cutting jobs, the unemployment claim is weakened.

526

Which assumption supports? \'Online learning is effective because students can learn at their own pace.\'

Analytical Reasoning

A. Self-paced learning is effective

B. Online learning enables self-pacing

C. Students benefit from flexibility

D. All of the above

Answer: The argument requires all these assumptions for the conclusion to follow.

527

If A is necessary for B, sufficient for C, and C is true, then:

Analytical Reasoning

A. B is true

B. A is true

C. B is false

D. A is unknown

Answer: If A is sufficient for C and C is true, A must be true.

528

What assumption is needed? \'Renewable energy will replace fossil fuels because costs are decreasing.\'

Analytical Reasoning

A. Renewable costs are decreasing

B. Cost is the main barrier

C. Fossil fuels will become obsolete

D. All of the above

Answer: The argument requires all these assumptions for the prediction to be valid.

529

All doctors have degrees. Sarah has a degree. Some people with degrees are lawyers. Therefore:

Analytical Reasoning

A. Sarah is a doctor

B. Sarah is a lawyer

C. Sarah might be a doctor or lawyer

D. Sarah is neither

Answer: Having a degree is necessary but not sufficient for being a doctor or lawyer.

530

Some animals are reptiles. All reptiles are cold-blooded. Some cold-blooded animals are dangerous. Therefore:

Analytical Reasoning

A. All reptiles are dangerous

B. Some reptiles may be dangerous

C. No reptiles are dangerous

D. All dangerous animals are reptiles

Answer: We can only conclude that some reptiles may be dangerous.

531

Some fruits are citrus. All citrus contains vitamin C. No vitamin C source is harmful. Therefore:

Analytical Reasoning

A. All fruits are harmless

B. Some citrus is harmless

C. No citrus is harmful

D. All vitamin C sources are citrus

Answer: Since all citrus contains vitamin C and no vitamin C source is harmful, some citrus is harmless.

532

Some books are fiction. All fiction requires imagination. No imagination is required for mathematics. Therefore:

Analytical Reasoning

A. No fiction is mathematics

B. Some books are not mathematics

C. All mathematics is fiction

D. Both A and B

Answer: Since fiction requires imagination and math doesn\'t, no fiction is math. And since some books are fiction, some books are not math.

533

What is the flaw? \'If we allow this one exception, everyone will want exceptions.\'

Analytical Reasoning

A. Slippery slope

B. Ad hominem

C. Straw man

D. Circular reasoning

Answer: Assuming one exception leads to everyone wanting exceptions is a slippery slope.

534

All engineers study math. Some who study math are good at logic. Therefore:

Analytical Reasoning

A. All engineers are good at logic

B. Some engineers may be good at logic

C. No engineers are good at logic

D. All who are good at logic are engineers

Answer: We can only conclude that some engineers may be good at logic.

535

If A→B, B→C, C→D, D→E, and E is false, then:

Analytical Reasoning

A. A is true

B. B is true

C. C is true

D. All of A-D are false

Answer: By modus tollens backwards, if E is false, then D, C, B, and A must all be false.

536

If exactly one of P, Q, R is true, and P→Q, then:

Analytical Reasoning

A. P must be false

B. Q must be true

C. R must be true

D. P is true and Q is true

Answer: If P→Q and only one is true, P cannot be true (otherwise Q would also be true, violating the one-true condition).

537

If A∨B is true, A∧B is false, and A is true, then:

Analytical Reasoning

A. B is true

B. B is false

C. A is false

D. Both are true

Answer: If A∨B is true but A∧B is false, they can\'t both be true. Since A is true, B must be false.

538

Which assumption? \'Space exploration benefits Earth because it produces new technologies.\'

Analytical Reasoning

A. Space exploration produces technology

B. Technology benefits Earth

C. The benefits outweigh costs

D. All of the above

Answer: For the argument to work, all these assumptions must hold.

539

Which strengthens? \'Sleep deprivation reduces cognitive function. Sleep-deprived participants performed worse on tests.\'

Analytical Reasoning

A. Sleep is important

B. Test performance measures cognitive function

C. Sleep deprivation is common

D. Tests are reliable

Answer: If test performance measures cognitive function, this strengthens the causal claim.

540

If A∧B→C, A is true, C is false, then:

Analytical Reasoning

A. B is true

B. B is false

C. A is false

D. Both A and B are true

Answer: If A∧B→C and C is false while A is true, B must be false.

NTS Preparation MCQs