Science Group
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Unit-2 Biodiversity
Answer: In situ conservation protects species in their natural habitats, e.g., national parks.
Answer: Ex situ conservation keeps organisms away from their natural habitat, e.g., zoos and botanical gardens.
Answer: National parks protect plants and animals in their natural surroundings, so it is in situ conservation.
Answer: National parks, wildlife sanctuaries and biosphere reserves are examples of in situ conservation.
Answer: A biodiversity hotspot has high species richness and many endemic species and is under serious threat.
Answer: An endangered species is at serious risk of becoming extinct if threats continue.
Answer: An extinct species is one that has completely disappeared from the Earth.
Answer: Habitat destruction is considered the greatest threat to biodiversity worldwide.
Answer: The IUCN Red List assesses and records the conservation status of species.
Answer: The IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature) publishes the Red List.
Answer: The Western Himalayas is one of the biodiversity hotspots found in Pakistan.
Answer: Wild relatives of crops carry genes that are used to develop disease-resistant and improved varieties.
Answer: Many medicines, such as those from plants and microbes, are obtained from biodiversity.
Answer: Scientific names are the same in all languages and countries, avoiding confusion caused by common names.
Answer: The correct form is 'Homo sapiens': genus with a capital letter, species in lower case, written in italics.
Answer: Amoeba is a unicellular organism placed in kingdom Protista.
Answer: Amoeba and Paramecium are protozoans, which belong to kingdom Protista.
Answer: Halophiles are archaebacteria that live in extremely salty environments.
Answer: Methanogens are archaebacteria that produce methane gas.
Answer: Bacterial cell walls are made of peptidoglycan.