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Unit-6 Moleculer Biology
Answer: Carbohydrates are polymers built from monosaccharide units.
Answer: Vitamin D is synthesized in the skin in the presence of sunlight.
Answer: Lactose is the disaccharide present in milk and is therefore called milk sugar.
Answer: Vitamin A is required for good vision, and its deficiency leads to night blindness.
Answer: Vitamin K is essential for the synthesis of blood clotting factors.
Answer: Potatoes and other tubers store starch and are rich sources of this polysaccharide.
Answer: Iron is needed to form hemoglobin, and its deficiency causes anemia.
Answer: Each nucleotide is made of a pentose sugar, a phosphate group and a nitrogenous base.
Answer: Sex hormones such as testosterone and estrogen belong to the steroid group of lipids.
Answer: Messenger RNA is the largest because it must carry the entire genetic message from DNA.
Answer: Proteins are polymers of amino acids joined by peptide bonds.
Answer: Twenty common amino acids combine in different sequences to form all proteins.
Answer: Amino acids are linked by peptide bonds formed between the amino and carboxyl groups.
Answer: James Watson and Francis Crick proposed the double helix model of DNA in 1953.
Answer: The two strands of DNA run in opposite directions, so they are called antiparallel.
Answer: Hemoglobin contains iron and carries oxygen from the lungs to the body tissues.
Answer: DNA contains deoxyribose, a five-carbon sugar lacking one oxygen atom compared to ribose.
Answer: DNA has four bases: adenine, thymine, cytosine and guanine.
Answer: RNA contains uracil in place of thymine, which is found only in DNA.
Answer: A codon is a sequence of three mRNA bases that specifies a single amino acid.