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Unit-7 Metabolism
Answer: Plants take in carbon dioxide, which is reduced to make glucose during photosynthesis.
Answer: The electron transport chain is embedded in the folded inner mitochondrial membrane.
Answer: Increased breathing after exercise supplies extra oxygen to clear accumulated lactic acid.
Answer: Aerobic respiration requires oxygen and produces more energy than anaerobic respiration.
Answer: Oxygen accepts electrons and hydrogen ions at the end of the electron transport chain.
Answer: Anaerobic respiration occurs without oxygen and yields less energy per glucose.
Answer: Decarboxylation reactions in the Krebs cycle release carbon dioxide.
Answer: The factor present in the least amount limits the rate of photosynthesis even if other factors are abundant.
Answer: Aerobic respiration oxidizes glucose completely to carbon dioxide and water, releasing energy.
Answer: Glycolysis, the Krebs cycle and the electron transport chain together produce about 36 to 38 ATP per glucose.
Answer: Cellular respiration breaks down glucose in cells to release energy stored as ATP.
Answer: Muscle cells reduce pyruvate to lactic acid when oxygen is unavailable.
Answer: NADP+ picks up hydrogen ions and electrons to form NADPH, which is used in the dark reaction.
Answer: Excess glucose is polymerized and stored in the plant as starch.
Answer: Yeast carries out alcoholic fermentation, producing ethanol and carbon dioxide from glucose.
Answer: Cellular respiration breaks down glucose and traps the released energy in ATP.
Answer: Carbohydrates produce equal volumes of CO2 and use equal volumes of O2, so the RQ is 1.
Answer: Carbon dioxide combines with RuBP and is quickly converted into 3-phosphoglyceric acid, a three-carbon compound.
Answer: The mitochondrion is the powerhouse of the cell where the Krebs cycle and electron transport chain occur.
Answer: Fats consume more oxygen than carbohydrates, giving an RQ of about 0.7.