Science Group
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Science Group
Answer: Proteins are polymers of amino acids joined by peptide bonds.
Answer: Twenty common amino acids combine in different sequences to form all proteins.
Answer: Amino acids are linked by peptide bonds formed between the amino and carboxyl groups.
Answer: James Watson and Francis Crick proposed the double helix model of DNA in 1953.
Answer: The two strands of DNA run in opposite directions, so they are called antiparallel.
Answer: Hemoglobin contains iron and carries oxygen from the lungs to the body tissues.
Answer: DNA contains deoxyribose, a five-carbon sugar lacking one oxygen atom compared to ribose.
Answer: DNA has four bases: adenine, thymine, cytosine and guanine.
Answer: RNA contains uracil in place of thymine, which is found only in DNA.
Answer: A codon is a sequence of three mRNA bases that specifies a single amino acid.
Answer: Adenine pairs with thymine in DNA through two hydrogen bonds.
Answer: The three main types of RNA are messenger RNA, transfer RNA and ribosomal RNA.
Answer: Guanine pairs with cytosine through three hydrogen bonds.
Answer: Tertiary structure is the overall 3D folding of one polypeptide chain stabilized by various bonds.
Answer: Waxes are water-repellent lipids that waterproof plant leaves and animal feathers.
Answer: Messenger RNA copies the genetic information from DNA and carries it to ribosomes for protein synthesis.
Answer: Transfer RNA carries specific amino acids to the ribosome and matches them to the mRNA code.
Answer: Ribosomal RNA combines with proteins to build the ribosomes where proteins are made.
Answer: Transcription is the process in which the DNA sequence is copied into messenger RNA.
Answer: Water absorbs or releases large amounts of heat with little change in temperature, stabilizing body temperature.