FBISE Class 9th (SSC-l)
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FBISE Class 9th (SSC-l)
Answer: Mitosis is called equational division because it distributes equal numbers of chromosomes to the daughter cells.
Answer: A single mitotic division produces two genetically identical daughter cells.
Answer: The chromosome number is maintained (2n to 2n) in mitosis, so the division is equational.
Answer: During prophase, chromatin condenses into distinct chromosomes, which become visible under a microscope.
Answer: Anaphase is the shortest stage of mitosis because the separation of sister chromatids is completed very quickly.
Answer: In metaphase, the chromosomes align on the equatorial plane, with their centromeres on the equator.
Answer: Spindle fibers attach to a disc-like structure called the kinetochore located at the centromere of each chromosome.
Answer: During prophase, spindle fibers begin to form between the two poles of the cell.
Answer: In animal cells, centrioles move to opposite poles during prophase and help organize the spindle apparatus.
Answer: Since DNA has already replicated in the S phase, each of the 46 chromosomes has 2 chromatids, giving 46 x 2 = 92 chromatids.
Answer: During prophase the nucleolus disappears and the nuclear membrane breaks down, allowing spindle fibers to reach the chromosomes.
Answer: In anaphase, the centromere splits and sister chromatids are pulled to opposite poles by spindle fibers.
Answer: The splitting of the centromere occurs at the beginning of anaphase, allowing the sister chromatids to separate.
Answer: At metaphase, each replicated chromosome consists of two sister chromatids attached at the centromere.
Answer: Anaphase begins when the centromere divides, after which sister chromatids separate and move toward opposite poles.
Answer: In telophase, the chromosomes have reached the poles and begin to uncoil back into chromatin.
Answer: During telophase the nuclear membrane reforms and the nucleolus reappears in each daughter nucleus.
Answer: Cytokinesis is the division of the cytoplasm, which usually follows nuclear division (karyokinesis).
Answer: Karyokinesis refers to the division of the nucleus, which is followed by cytokinesis, the division of the cytoplasm.
Answer: Mitosis maintains the chromosome number, so each pole receives the full diploid set of 8 chromosomes.