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FBISE Biology
Answer: Growth occurs by the mitotic division of somatic cells, which increases the number of cells in the body.
Answer: Damaged tissues are repaired as surrounding cells divide by mitosis and replace the lost cells.
Answer: In Hydra, new individuals are produced by budding, which involves mitotic divisions of cells.
Answer: Mitosis produces two genetically identical daughter cells, also called clones.
Answer: Mature nerve cells (neurons) enter the G0 phase and generally do not divide.
Answer: Mitosis occurs in somatic cells, while meiosis occurs in reproductive cells.
Answer: Skin cells near the wound divide rapidly by mitosis, producing new cells that replace the damaged ones.
Answer: When cell division is not properly controlled, cells divide excessively, forming tumors and leading to cancer.
Answer: Since mitosis produces two diploid daughter cells, the chromosome number remains constant generation after generation.
Answer: Checkpoints (such as G1/S and G2/M) monitor the cell cycle and ensure the cell divides only under proper conditions.
Answer: Meiosis is called reductional division because it halves the chromosome number.
Answer: Meiosis occurs in the reproductive organs where gametes are formed.
Answer: Meiosis consists of two successive divisions: meiosis I and meiosis II.
Answer: One parent cell undergoing meiosis produces four haploid daughter cells.
Answer: Synapsis (pairing of homologous chromosomes) and crossing over occur only in prophase I of meiosis.
Answer: Meiosis halves the chromosome number, so the four daughter cells are haploid (n).
Answer: In meiosis I, homologous chromosomes separate, reducing the chromosome number from 2n to n.
Answer: Meiosis produces haploid gametes such as sperm and egg cells.
Answer: Prophase I is the longest phase of meiosis because synapsis and crossing over take place during it.
Answer: Without meiotic halving, the fusion of two gametes would double the chromosome number each generation.