Science Group
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Unit-3 The cell
Answer: All prokaryotes (archaebacteria and eubacteria) belong to kingdom Monera.
Answer: Binary fission is the common asexual method of reproduction in prokaryotes.
Answer: Bacterial cell walls contain peptidoglycan (murein), unlike plant cell walls made of cellulose.
Answer: Amoeba is a protozoan with a true nucleus, so it is eukaryotic; the others are prokaryotes.
Answer: E. coli is a bacterium, which is a prokaryote; the other options are eukaryotes.
Answer: Eukaryotes have a true nucleus enclosed in a nuclear envelope, along with membrane-bound organelles.
Answer: Plant cells have a cellulose cell wall, which animal cells do not possess.
Answer: Chloroplasts are the green plastids of plant cells used for photosynthesis; animal cells lack them.
Answer: The large central vacuole holds water and maintains turgor pressure, keeping plant cells firm.
Answer: Plants store glucose as starch, whereas animals store it as glycogen.
Answer: Most plant cells lack centrioles, although animal cells typically contain them.
Answer: Both plant and animal cells have a true nucleus and membrane-bound organelles, so both are eukaryotic.
Answer: The rigid cellulose cell wall gives plant cells their definite shape.
Answer: Plastids are organelles found in plant cells; animal cells do not contain them.
Answer: Plant cell walls are made of cellulose, which provides strength and support.
Answer: The cell wall protects the cell and gives it mechanical support.
Answer: The cell wall allows almost all substances to pass through it, so it is fully permeable.
Answer: The middle lamella, which cements adjacent cells together, is made chiefly of pectin.
Answer: Fungal cell walls are made of chitin, not cellulose as in plants.
Answer: Lignin is deposited in secondary cell walls, making them hard, thick, and impermeable.