Unit-5 Chemical Bonding
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Unit-5 Chemical Bonding
Answer: Chemical bonds are formed by the sharing or transfer of valence electrons.
Answer: Transfer of electrons between a metal and a non-metal forms an ionic bond.
Answer: Atoms gain, lose or share electrons to achieve eight electrons in the valence shell, except H and He.
Answer: Na (a metal) transfers its valence electron to Cl (a non-metal), forming Na+ and Cl- ions.
Answer: Ionic bonds are electrostatic attractions between oppositely charged ions.
Answer: H and He are stable with two electrons because the first shell holds only two electrons.
Answer: Na (2,8,1) loses one electron to achieve the stable configuration of neon (2,8).
Answer: A chemical bond holds atoms together within a molecule or a compound.
Answer: Atoms bond to achieve a stable configuration, usually the octet or the duplet.
Answer: Noble gases already have a complete octet, so they have no tendency to form bonds.
Answer: Valence electrons participate in chemical bonding.
Answer: Cl gains one electron to achieve the stable configuration of argon (2,8,8).
Answer: Ionic bonds are also known as electrovalent bonds because they involve transfer of electrons.
Answer: Mg (2,8,2) loses two electrons to form Mg2+, and these two electrons are accepted by oxygen.
Answer: A very large electronegativity difference between K and F causes complete transfer of electrons.
Answer: NaCl is a typical ionic compound made of Na+ and Cl- ions.
Answer: The Mg2+ ion (after losing two electrons) is neutralized by two Cl- ions.
Answer: Covalent bonds form when atoms share one or more pairs of electrons.
Answer: H2 has only one shared pair of electrons, forming a single bond.
Answer: A small electronegativity difference results in nearly equal sharing of electrons.