Unit-1 Nature of Science in Chemistry
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Unit-1 Nature of Science in Chemistry
Answer: Nuclear chemistry studies nuclear reactions and radioactivity, such as fission and fusion.
Answer: Nylon and polyester are polymers, so they are products of polymer chemistry.
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Answer: Al-Razi's classification was an early systematic organization of substances and a foundation for later chemical study.
Answer: Polymer chemistry studies large molecules (polymers) made of repeating units, such as plastics and fibres.
Answer: A catalyst increases the rate of a reaction but is not consumed in the process.
Answer: Environmental chemistry deals with the environment and the chemical effects of pollution.
Answer: The reaction between an acid and a base to produce salt and water is called neutralization.
Answer: Diamond is extremely hard while graphite is soft because their structures differ, giving different physical properties.
Answer: Water is made of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom, so its formula is H2O.
Answer: Metals react with dilute acids to release hydrogen gas, for example Zn + 2HCl gives ZnCl2 + H2.
Answer: Chemistry provides many useful products such as medicines, fertilizers, fuels, cleaning agents and plastics.
Answer: Aspirin is a common medicine used to relieve pain and fever.
Answer: Matter is neither created nor destroyed in a chemical reaction, so the mass of reactants equals the mass of products.
Answer: Fuels such as natural gas, petrol and coal produce energy when they are burned.
Answer: Helium belongs to the noble gases, which are chemically unreactive.
Answer: Biochemistry studies the chemical processes occurring in living organisms.
Answer: Chemistry improves life by supplying drugs, fertilizers, fuels, cleaning agents and materials used every day.
Answer: Jabir bin Hayyan prepared strong acids and improved techniques such as distillation, crystallization and sublimation.
Answer: Iron rusts when it reacts with oxygen and moisture (water) in the air.
Answer: Respiration is a slow chemical change in which glucose is oxidized to release energy.