Unit-9 Chemical Equilibrium

Explore subjects and practice MCQs

19
Topics
1,900
Total MCQs

Unit-9 Chemical Equilibrium

100 MCQs Page 2 of 5
0
0
/ 100
0%
A. ammonia
B. nitric acid
C. sulphuric acid
D. hydrogen gas
Answer: The Contact process manufactures sulphuric acid by oxidizing SO2 to SO3 and dissolving it in water.
A. remain unchanged
B. adjust to oppose or minimize the change
C. completely reverse its direction
D. stop all reactions
Answer: Le Chatelier's principle says the system responds by shifting equilibrium to counteract the applied stress.
A. the masses of the reacting substances
B. the active masses (molar concentrations) of the reactants
C. the temperatures of the reactants
D. the volumes of the products
Answer: The law of mass action states that the rate of reaction is proportional to the product of the molar concentrations (active masses) of the reactants.
A. the forward direction and more ammonia
B. the reverse direction
C. neither direction
D. decomposition of ammonia
Answer: The forward reaction has fewer gas moles (4 → 2), so high pressure shifts equilibrium towards more ammonia formation.
A. shifting the equilibrium forward
B. shifting the equilibrium backward
C. speeding up both the forward and reverse reactions equally
D. changing the equilibrium constant
Answer: A catalyst lowers the activation energy for both directions equally, so equilibrium is reached faster without changing its position.
A. stop moving completely
B. keep reacting in both directions at equal rates
C. react only in the forward direction
D. react only in the reverse direction
Answer: Equilibrium is dynamic because forward and reverse reactions continue to occur at equal rates at the molecular level.
A. [SO2]^2[O2] / [SO3]^2
B. [SO3]^2 / ([SO2]^2[O2])
C. [SO3] / ([SO2][O2])
D. [SO3]^2[O2] / [SO2]^2
Answer: Kc equals the concentration of products raised to their coefficients divided by the concentration of reactants raised to their coefficients.
A.
B.
C.
D. =
Answer: The double arrow (⇌) indicates that the reaction proceeds in both forward and reverse directions.
A. does not change
B. changes
C. becomes zero
D. becomes infinite
Answer: Kc is temperature dependent, so changing temperature changes its value for the reaction.
A. shift towards products
B. shift towards reactants
C. remain unchanged
D. form more catalyst
Answer: Lowering pressure favours the side with more gas molecules (reactants side, 4 moles), so the equilibrium shifts backward.
A. 2NH3 → N2 + 3H2
B. N2 + 3H2 → 2NH3
C. N2 + O2 → 2NO
D. 2SO2 + O2 → 2SO3
Answer: The forward reaction of the Haber process converts nitrogen and hydrogen into ammonia.
A. [CaCO3]
B. [CaO][CO2]
C. [CO2]
D. [CaO]
Answer: Pure solids like CaCO3 and CaO are omitted from the expression, leaving Kc = [CO2].
A. keep increasing with time
B. keep decreasing with time
C. become constant
D. become zero
Answer: Once equilibrium is reached, the concentrations of all species become constant because the rates of forward and reverse reactions are equal.
A. the forward reaction is endothermic
B. low temperature gives high yield but very slow rate
C. high temperature increases the yield
D. ammonia decomposes at high temperature
Answer: Although a lower temperature favours more ammonia, the rate becomes too slow, so a moderate temperature gives an acceptable balance of rate and yield.
A. Adding more N2
B. Removing NH3
C. Adding a catalyst
D. Increasing pressure
Answer: A catalyst does not shift the position of equilibrium; it only helps reach equilibrium faster.
A. finely divided iron
B. vanadium pentoxide (V2O5)
C. platinum gauze
D. nickel
Answer: Vanadium pentoxide (V2O5) is used as the catalyst to speed up the oxidation of SO2 to SO3 in the Contact process.
A. products are present in large amount
B. reactants are favoured
C. reaction goes to completion
D. the equilibrium constant is constant
Answer: A small Kc means the concentration of reactants is much greater than that of products, so reactants are favoured.
A. can readily change back into reactants
B. cannot change back into reactants under ordinary conditions
C. always remain in equilibrium with reactants
D. are consumed completely by the reactants
Answer: Irreversible reactions proceed in one direction and go to completion, so products do not reform the reactants.
A. the forward reaction produces more gas moles
B. the forward reaction has fewer gas moles, so high pressure favours it
C. ammonia is stable only at high pressure
D. the catalyst works only at high pressure
Answer: Since the forward reaction (4 moles to 2 moles) decreases gas moles, high pressure shifts equilibrium towards more ammonia.
A. decrease the value of Kc
B. shift the equilibrium towards the products and increase Kc
C. have no effect on equilibrium
D. completely stop the reaction
Answer: Heat acts like a reactant in an endothermic reaction, so adding heat shifts equilibrium forward and increases Kc.
1 2 3 4